We estimate Eq. (1) by replacing Dij (Bij) with three different sets of dowry and bride price paid to others (i.e., \( \overlinej>> \) and \( \overlinej>> \) , \( \overline> \) and \( \overline> \) , or the community-based dowry and bride price), and three sets of reduced-form estimation results are presented in Table 4. Each panel presents estimation results of a reduced-form regression with a different set of dowry and bride price paid to others. To be comparable with Panel A, the OLS estimation results with women who have at least one brother and one sister are presented in Appendix Table 8. The reduced-form estimation results support the main OLS estimation results shown in Table 2. That is, women enjoy higher status in the ily that tends to exchange higher dowries and when they come from a higher-dowry village, whereas a larger bride price is negatively associated with these same traits. Here, the amount of bride price paid to the wife’s sisters by their in-laws is significantly negatively associated with the wife’s autonomy. The third set, i.e., the community-based dowry and bride price, does not show any significant association with women’s status. This is likely because relatively weaker association between the community-based dowry (bride price) and the personal dowry (bride price) that the bride receives from her parents (in-laws) than other two sets. The estimates for other coefficients are not inconsistent with those shown in Table 2 and are available upon request.
Table 4 Organization between dowry/bride to be rate (reduced by when you look at the-rules off siblings, anybody else regarding town and community) and you may wife’s reputation about relationship household (OLS)
cuatro.step three Dialogue and robustness inspections
When you look at the determining the ladies updates about marital home, the end result of websites dowry (dowry without bride rates) could possibly get count. Keep in mind that the level of deferred mehr is included individually out of the internet dowry since the previous has never been paid off until splitting up takes place and should not be considered possessions introduced into relationships. The results recommend that the fresh possessions put with the ount) boost their particular decision-making strength and you will self-reliance. Such confident connectivity are not surprising due to the fact the latest associations away from bride rates paid down at the time of marriage focus on restrict so you’re able to those of dowry however estimations.
Possibly, an elevated decades otherwise knowledge distinction you will deteriorate brand new wife’s updates in the marital family. Including many years huge difference as well as education distinction (substitution the latest husband’s years and studies) cannot change the fundamental effects, therefore the coefficients of these parameters are not tall (Appendix Desk nine, Panel B).
The brand new quote processes was frequent from the replacing dowry and you can bride-to-be rate that have websites dowry (Appendix Table 9, Panel A)
One you will argue that just how many ages because the relationship are important since the result away from dowry (otherwise bride to be rates) could well be greater after matrimony. Also years given that ount of dowry (substitution female’s many years within relationships) magnifies the beds base aftereffect of dowry when you look at the women’s independency but minimizes their magnitude as well as the value height in the women’s decision-making (Appendix Table 9, Panel C). Meaning you to definitely a bigger dowry escalates the wife’s freedom in the the fresh new relationship home once relationship; but not, the relationship isn’t significantly influenced by new passage of ages given that marriage.
Zero measure of gender ideology is roofed in the primary quote on account of endogeneity questions. That might believe inclusion of these procedures may weaken the fresh new connection between dowry and you will ladies standing on the relationship family. While we usually do not refute the possibility that needs and you will ideological viewpoints regarding the gender relationships are not built-in and alter over the relationship life, the fresh quote techniques are repeated of the and a few tips for son preference: the original varying means one to in the event the wife’s top level of sons try higher than that daughters plus the second translates to you to definitely in the event that wife desires to render advanced schooling so you can sons in lieu of in order to daughters. Controlling to have gender ideology will not drastically impact the chief estimation efficiency (Appendix Dining table 9, Panel D). Surprisingly, women’s decision-making is absolutely on the child liking. But not, it is adversely of the preference to own getting higher education so you can sons than daughters. A potential translation is the fact very educated female could be against gender inequality inside the training and become much more motivated throughout the relationship household but prefer with way more sons than daughters. It appears in keeping with specific established studies proving you to young buck liking is far more common among extremely knowledgeable women instead of ignorant women from inside the Southern area Asia (Das Gupta 1987; Muhuri and you may Preston 1991) https://brightwomen.net/tr/izlanda-kadinlari/.
